The article refers to the scope and limits of doctors' right to conscientious objection in Poland. The analysis concentrates in the first place on the relevant regulations concerning that medical profession and on the judgment of the Polish Constitutional Court of 7th October 2015 (K 12/14). The aim of the study is to analyze and to assess the legal regime created by the judgment, taking into consideration the context of Polish public debates, constitutional guarantees of the freedom of conscience and standards established by the Parliamentary Assembly of the Council of Europe and in the case-law of the European Court of Human Rights.