From a medical point of view, vaccinations are the only effective method of protection against the spread of infectious diseases. The aim of the study is to present legal regulations governing the payment of compensation in connection with vaccinations against Covid-19. The experience of other countries shows that compensation payments fulfill their intended function to a greater or lesser extent. While civil court proceedings remain an alternative, due to their lengthy nature, many people choose to submit an application to the Patient Ombudsman. However, it should be remembered that court proceedings – unlike the Patient Ombudsman procedure – provide the opportunity to obtain much larger amounts as compensation, or compensation and pension. Keywords: compensation; infectious diseases; vaccinations.